Hsm 230-Week 5 Assignment: Hhs Law Profile Paper

Health Insurance Portability 1 Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act Name University Class Professor Date Health Insurance Portability 2 The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) was established in 1996 to protect the rights of individuals when receiving services from health organizations. The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act ensures privacy and confidentiality of individual’s health information. Health information could be protected on paper, oral communication, or electronically.If an individual’s privacy is violated in any way that individual has the option to file a complaint against the offending office. The Office for Civil Rights assists individuals with complaints by investigating them. If necessary the Office for Civil Rights will impose a fine for violating the Privacy Rule Provision. Criminal violations of this law are referred to the United States Department of Justice for investigation and action (Unite d States Department of Health and Human Services, 2008). The Privacy Rule imposes rules that healthcare workers must abide by to protect patient’s information. By doing this the Privacy Rule dictates how atient’s information could be handled in pharmacies, hospitals, and other healthcare industries. Patients have access to their medical records if copies are needed or if mistakes are found. There could be a monetary charge for copies but patients should receive copies within 30 days of the request. If a medical provider requires sharing of the patient’s information; this request must be approved by the patient in writing. This notice is usually provided by the healthcare organization to the patient upon their first visit. This notice allows the patient to appoint any person whom he or she wishes to have access to their medical files.A patient could amend or omit information at any time. Patients would sign or initial this document generated by the organization w hich was Health Insurance Portability 3 formatted per HIPAA guidelines. If the document is amended in any way the patient must be presented with the updated document and given the opportunity to review and sign it. The Privacy Rule imposes limits on how the information is shared. To provide the highest quality of care; this rule does not permit any medical staff that is directly working from the patient to share information with another staff that is working directly with the patient.This could include physicians, nurses, and other medical providers that treat the patient. If any other provider that is directly working with the patient requires the medical information the patient would need to sign a consent form. A form usually called â€Å"release of information† would be completed and would specify which information could be shared. By specifying which information could be shared is another way for the patient to protect their information. For example if a patient is apply ing for life insurance they could consent for the life insurance company to have access to their medical lab work.The patients file could include more extensive history such as mental illness or surgical history, but this information would not be shared. The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability law affects day-to-day operations in many ways. The Privacy Rule ensures that various healthcare providers have policies and procedures as to different ways to protect a patient’s information. Different agencies such as health insurance organizations, pharmacies, and physicians have procedures as to how to protect information.These various healthcare workers have requirements that are flexible to permit different healthcare workers to implement them as necessary for their practice. Covered medical personnel could limit the use of information as required. In addition, healthcare organizations are Health Insurance Portability 4 required to take additional steps to maintain pat ient privacy and confidentiality. These steps include but are not limited to: written privacy procedures, employee training, and hiring a privacy officer (to oversee that a high level of care is provided).If a consumer feels that his or her privacy has been violated they have the right to file a complaint. This complaint can me submitted directly to the offending provider or can be submitted via mail, or electronically to the Office for Civil Rights. The Office of Civil Rights provides adequate space for the consumer to explain why he or she feels her information has been used without proper consent. A consumer may also receive information on how a complaint may be filed The Office of Civil Rights provides this chart of penalties that could be assesses:A large penalty may be assessed if found guilty up to $100. 00 per violation, up to $25,000 per year, for each requirement or prohibition violated. Criminal penalties apply for certain actions such as knowingly obtaining protected hea lth information in violation of the law. Criminal penalties can range up to $50,000 and one year in prison for certain offenses; up to $100,000 and up to five years in prison if the offenses are committed under false pretenses; and up to $250,000 and up to 10 years in prison if the offenses are committed with the intent to sell, transfer or se protected health information for commercial advantage, personal gain or malicious harm. (United States Department of Health and Human Services, 2008). The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act was designed to provide a consistent amount of protection in the exchange of data for a patient. When the regulations were implemented it became obvious that there was much to do. There were many holes in the system Health Insurance Portability 5 when it came time to protect patient medical information.It was found that the security requirements would apply to all medical personnel. This legislation provided a system that protects everyoneà ¢â‚¬â„¢s rights. The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act also establish protection from discrimination based on the information in the records. The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act serves to protect patient’s right by setting a standard of practice for ensuring the privacy of client’s information. A client may select whom he wishes to have access to his personal information by signing a waiver of consent.The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act also would conduct an investigation of any claims of violation and â€Å"holds violators accountable† (HHS. Gov, 2008). Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act compliance impacts all departments that have interaction with a client’s personal information like medical staff, medical records, billing, etc. Health Insurance Portability and Accountability law is inconvenient at times but it is also necessary to protect our information from being used in a way that we do not wish.Health Insurance Portability 6 References Department of Health and Human Services (2008) What does HIPAA privacy rule do? Retrieved September 26, 2008, from http://www. hhs. gov/ Manning, S. S. (2003). Ethical leadership in human services: A multi-dimensional approach. Boston: Allyn and Bacon. United States department of health and human services. (2008). United States department of health and human services. Retrieved September 25, 2008, from Department of Health and Human Services: http://www. hhs. gov/ocr/hipaa/

The History Of Medical Compromised Health And Social Care Essay

Correct Answer: Choice A is, harmonizing to wikpedia, symptoms are subjective ailments of the patient such as concern, giddiness, or hurting, normally non subjective to verification by the tester, doctor, tooth doctor, or other healthcare professional. Answer choices B to D are marks. Referemce: hypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symptom 2. Which of the followers is the most of import during an initial patient rating? Critical SignsEstablishing RapportSexual History Chief Ailment Correct Answer: pick B, during an initial patient interaction with a clinician it is imperative to set up respectable resonance that will let the patient to supply inside informations about their medical history that ca n't establish in graphs or scrutinies. Choices A C and D will ne'er happen without the trust of the doctor.Reference: Eval/Risk Assessment Dr. G. Davis An otherwise healthy patient who smokes half a battalion of coffin nails a twenty-four hours has which ASA categorization? ASA IASAIIASA III ASA IV Correct Answer: Choice B, ASA II is a patient with a mild systemic disease. For case: tobacco users, minimum imbibing, pregnant, fleshiness, good controlled high blood pressure, and minor lung disease. ASA I are healthy non-smokers or minimum drinkers. ASA III are patients with terrible systemic disease non disabling ; for illustration, diabetes, ill controlled high blood pressure, and distant history of myocardial infarction. ASA IV are patient with terrible systemic disease that is a changeless menace to life. Mention: American Society of Anesthesiology. hypertext transfer protocol: //learnanesthesia.blogspot.com/p/blog-page.html After sing your patient ‘s bird's-eye radiogram, you discover and diagnose the presence of calcified atheromas in her carotid arterias. What measure should you take following? Continue with dental intervention because there is no demand to be concernedMention the patient to her primary attention doctorAgenda to hold the atheromas removed by an unwritten sawbones Ignore the find because it is beyond your range of preparation Correct Answer: Choice B, if a clinician notices oppositive findings that could be endangering to the patient ‘s life they are to instantly mention the patient to their primary attention doctor. Choices A, C and D could take to a unfavourable result for either the clinician or patient. Mention: Evaluation & A ; Risk Assessment slide 14 Dr. Davis In which of the undermentioned classs should a patient ‘s main ailment be written?SubjectiveAim Appraisal Planned Correct Answer: Choice A, the subjective part of a SOAP note explains the patient ‘s main ailment. Objective part of a SOAP note is for critical marks, medicine, and other marks observed by the clinician. Assessment is for the clinician diagnosing. Plan is for intervention done during the assignment and any future intervention scheduled. Mention: Evaluation & A ; Risk Assessment slide 18 Dr. G Davis Which of the undermentioned conditions do NOT necessitate antibiotic prophylaxis? Artificial bosom valvesMitral Valve StenosisCongenital bosom defects Hip replacing six months ago Correct Answer: B, Mitral valve stricture. Cardiovascular conditions associated with the highest hazard of inauspicious result from endocarditis for which prophylaxis with dental processs is recommended harmonizing to the American Heart Association. Prosthetic Cardiac Valve, # 2 Previous Infective Endocarditis # 3 Congenital Heart Disease, Cardiac Transplantation, Dental Management of the Medically compromised patient, page 28, BOX 2-1. Mitral valve Stenosis is NOT one of these Conditionss Which of the undermentioned agents is used to pull off a patient with an overdose of Coumadin? NaloxoneAqua MephytonDisulfiram Naltrexone Correct Answer: Choice B is used to handle Coumadin overdose. Choice A is wrong because is used to change by reversal the effects of respiratory depression overdose. Choice C is used for intoxicant overdose and pick D, Naltrexone has similar consequence to Narcan, in that is It is used for handling chronic alcohol addiction and for rapid opioid detoxification. Lippincott ‘s Illustrated Reviews ; Pharmacology 3rd edition. Which of the undermentioned represents an ideal thrombocyte counts? 50,000 100,000300,000500,000 Correct Answer: Choice C, normal thrombocyte counts is 150,000- 400,000. Mention: chmaier AH. Laboratory rating of styptic and thrombotic upsets. In: Hoffman R, Benz EJ Jr, Shattil SJ, et Al, explosive detection systems. Hoffman Hematology: Basic Principles and Practice. 5th erectile dysfunction. Philadelphia, Pa: Churchill Livingstone Elsevier ; 2008: fellow 122. What is the INR of a normal healthy patient? 012 3 4 Mention: Dr. Davis said this in a talk. Which of the undermentioned drugs will ensue in respiratory depression during an overdose? BenzodiazepinesBarbituratesNonsteroidal anti-inflammatory Albuterol Correct Answer: Choice B, Barbiturates suppress the hypoxic and chemoreceptor response to CO2 and overdose is followed by respiratory depression and decease. Mention: A Miller LG, Deutsch SI, Greenblatt DJ, Paul SM, Shader RI ( 1988 ) . â€Å" Acute barbiturate disposal increases benzodiazepine receptor binding in vivo † .Psychopharmacology ( Berl. ) A 96A ( 3 ) : 385-90. What is another name for rapid external respiration?TachypneaDiaphoretic Tachycardia Ptyalism Correct Answer: Choice A, harmonizing to wikipedia, from the Greek dictionary tachy means rapid and pena agencies take a breathing. The wrong picks, sudorific: inordinate perspiration. Tachycardia: Increase Heart Rate, ptyalism: extra spit. Mention: Wikipedia subscribers. â€Å" Diaphoresis. † Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 8 Jan. 2013. Web. 7 Feb. 2013. Which of the undermentioned represents a symptom of active TB infection?Night SweatsXerostomia Malena Atelectasis Correct Answer: Choice A, stated in category text book: Dental Management of the Medically Compromised Patient, page 117. Choice B, Xerostomia is common among autoimmune, such as Sjorgen. Choice C, refers the show of fecal matters due to GI shed blooding. Atelectasis is the prostration of the lungs due to hapless wetting agent or squamous cell carcinoma. Refrence: hypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melena hypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atelectasis # Causes and hypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xerostomia Which of the followers has a normal scope which last between eleven and sixteen seconds?Prothrombin TimePartial Thromboplastin Time Bleeding Time All above Correct Answers: Choice A, the normal PT clip is 11-15. Choice B, PTT clip is 20-35 seconds and hemorrhage clip if from 2-7 proceedingss. Which of the undermentioned conditions are you 3 % likely to contract by a needle stick? Hepatitis DHepatitis CHepatitis B Hiv Correct Answers: Choice B Hepatitis C is contracted # % by needle sticks. The wrong replies of hepatitis B and HIV per centums are 30 % and.3 % severally. Mention: As stated in category: Class Discussion, Dr. Davis. Which of the following values represent a normal healthy scope for HbA1c?4 %6.5 % 7 % 10 % Correct Answer: Choice A, a normal HbA1c 4 % -5.9 % . Mention: Wikipedia subscribers. â€Å" Glycated haemoglobin. † Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 29 Jan. 2013. Web. 7 Feb. 2013. Which of the undermentioned conditions will NOT take to nephritic failure? Systemic lupus erythematosusBrown ‘s Tumor of hyperparathyroidismGlomerulonephritis High blood pressure Correct Answer: Choice B, Brown ‘s Tumor is a status associated with nephritic failure, nevertheless it does non take to it. Mention: Dental Management of the Medically Compromise Patient, page 181 What is the term to a transplant from an indistinguishable twin? Autograft HomograftIsograftHeterograft Correct Answer Choice C ; isograft is a transplant of tissue between two persons who are genetically indistinguishable. An autoplasty is the organ transplant of variety meats, tissues or even proteins from one portion of the organic structure to another in the same person. A allograft is the organ transplant of cells, tissues, or variety meats, to a receiver from a genetically non-identical giver of the same species. A heterograft is the organ transplant of life cells, tissues or variety meats from one species to another. Mention: Wikipedia. hypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isograft Which of the undermentioned represent a common side consequence of the drug Rifadin? Addictive belongingssRed pissDecrease Oxygen impregnation Blurred vision Correct Answer: Choice B is right. Rifampin is an intensely ruddy solid, and the little fraction which reaches organic structure fluids is known for leaving a harmless red-orange colour to the piss ( and to a lesser extent, besides perspiration and cryings ) of users, for a few hours after a dosage. Mention: Wikipedia. hypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rifampin Which of the undermentioned statements should a clinician support in head when utilizing a pulsation oximeter? The usage of pulse oximeters exposes patients to extra radiation Pulse oximeters should non be used on dialysis patientsPulse oximeter reading have a delayed feedbackNever topographic point a pulse oximeter on the patient ‘s index finger Correct reply: C, The pulsation oximeter reading has a delayed feedback due to the signal averaging. There is a hold after a the existent O impregnation starts to drop. Choices A and B are non true. Choice D is the non replying the inquiry but is true statement. Mention: Downs JB, Schweiger JW, Miguel RV, Smith RA. Supplemental O impairs sensing of hypoventilation by pulse oximetry. Chest 2004 ; 126:1552-8 Scrofula is a status caused by which of the following beings?Mycobacteria TBStaphylococcus Aureus Mycoplasma Pneumonia Candida Albicas Correct reply: A, Scrofula in grownups is most frequently caused by Mycobacterium TB, which is contracted by take a breathing in air that is infected by M. TB. Choice B, S.aureus is related osteomyelitis, bacteriemia or TSS. Choice, C M. pneumonia is known to do pneumonia. Choice D, Candida Albicans is a commensal fungi apart of the normal vegetation ; nevertheless, higher colonisation exist in HIV patients. Mention: Werrett, Simon. â€Å" Mending the Nation ‘s Wounds: Royal Ritual and Experimental Philosophy in Restoration England. â€Å" History of ScienceA 38 ( 2000 ) : 377-99. Which of the followers is likely to happen in patients with struma? Enlarged salivary secretory organsCervical lymphadenopathyCongenital sightlessness Premature loss of dentitions Correct Answer: B, Cervical lymphadenopathy is the most common mark that appears in patients enduring from struma ; in add-on, struma is accompanied by febrilities, weight loss and icinesss. Choice A, enlarged salivary secretory organs, occurs in Sjogrens syndrome. Choice C, Congenital sightlessness occurs in inborn German measles syndrome. Choice D, premature loss of teeth occurs normally due to trauma. Mention: Werrett, Simon. â€Å" Mending the Nation ‘s Wounds: Royal Ritual and Experimental Philosophy in Restoration England. â€Å" History of ScienceA 38 ( 2000 ) : 377-99. What per centum of O is in the ambiance? 15 % 18 %21 %24 % 30 % Correct Answer: C, 21 % Cook & A ; Lauer 1968, p.500 How frequently should breaths be given when executing CPR? Equally frequently as possible After every 60 secondsAfter 30 thorax compactionsAfter 10 thorax compresssions Correct Answer: After 30 thorax compactions, when preforming CPR the pathophysiologic thought is to manually pump oxygenated blood and maintain cardiac end product to of import variety meats. When take a breathing into the victim, this is a signifier of supplying unreal respiration. Choice A is wrong because CPR consist of jumping rhythms of compactions and breaths, therefore breaths can non be given every bit frequently as possible. Choice B, After every 60 seconds, is wrong, In a CPR 60 2nd interval a first respondent should hold given 100 compactions. Choice D of 10 compactions is the incorrect figure. Mentions: â€Å" Highlights of the 2010 American Heart Association Guidelines for CPR and ECC † ( pdf ) .A American Heart Association. How should patient holding a laryngospasm be managed? Epinephrine admistrationProvide positive air force per unit areaSupply an inhalator Stand clear until the individual settles down Correct Answer: B, The direction of a laryngospasm consists of supplying positive air force per unit area ( PAP ) . Laryngospasms are a prolong musculus contraction of the laryngeal cords, because the episode typically last less than 60 seconds, a PAP airing is usefully in similar ague respiratory failure. Choice A of adrenaline is merely used during laryngospasm due to vocal cord hydrops. Choice C, provides an inhalator, is wrong because most inhalators block the beta-2 receptor and therefore take to bronchoconstriction. Choice D, stand clear until the individual settles down is ne'er the right pick. Mention: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.anesthesia-analgesia.org/content/83/5/1110.full.pdf What measurings are captured when utilizing a sphygmomanometer? Respiratory volume Temperature Oxygen ImpregnationBlood PressureCorrect Answer: D, Sphygmomanometer is used to mensurate blood force per unit area. The turnup is placed on the upper arm at the same tallness as the bosom. Cuff sizes are besides of import, excessively little a cuff consequences in high force per unit area & A ; excessively big a turnup consequences in excessively low a force per unit area. Respiratory volumes are measured spirometer, Temperature is measured utilizing a thermometer and O impregnation is measured utilizing a pulse oximeter. Mention: A Misrin, J.A † Aneroid Sphygmomanometer: A Battle for Safer Blood Pressure Apparatus † . Retrieved 27 February 2012. Which of the undermentioned blood force per unit area reading represents the ideal definition of a individual with phase one high blood pressure?142/96mmHg125/94mmHg 165/91mmHg 119/79mmHg Correct Answer: A, 142/96 mmHg harmonizing to the webmd.com, phase one high blood pressure is classified by a systole reading that lies between 140-159 and a diastole reading of 90-99. Choice B, 125/94mmHg is a reading that is classified as pre-hypertension. Choice C, 165/91mmHg is classified is stage 2 high blood pressure and Choice D. 119/79 is normal. Which of the undermentioned represents the lowest reading of a patient at hazard for cardiovascular disease? 120/80mmHg 117/76mmHg115/75mmHg125/85mmHg Correct Answer: Harmonizing to the Mayo Clinic and Dental Management of the Medically Compromise Patient, chapter 27. Which of the followers is NOT a symptom of high blood pressure? DizzinessNauseaConcern Tinnitus Correct Answer: Nausea, is the lone symptom among the list that is non experience by patients with high blood pressure harmonizing to hypertext transfer protocol: //www.mayoclinic.com/health/high-blood-pressure/DS00100 and Dental Management of the Medically Compromise Patient, page 40. Which of the followers may ensue of two carpules of 2 % lidocaine 1:100,000 adrenaline were accidently injected via IV to a patient taking propranolol? Elevated blood force per unit area and tachycardiaElevated blood force per unit area and compensatory bradycardiaDecreased blood and tachycardia Decreased blood and compensatory bradycardia Correct Answer: Choice B, elevated blood force per unit area and compensatory bradycardia would happen and take to cardiovascular prostration & A ; cardiac apprehension. Choice C & A ; D are the opposite effects that would happen. Choice A is wrong because the compensatory reaction of tachycardia is wrong. What is the approximative per centum of the United States citizens with high blood force per unit area? 15 % 25 %33 %40 % 50 % Correct Answer: Choice C, 33 % is the right reply harmonizing the CDC.com Where is lidocaine metabolized?KidneyBone Lungs Blood watercourse Correct Answer: Choice A, stated by Dr. Davis in category During which of the undermentioned alveolar consonant processs is it recommended to supply antibiotic prophylaxis for patients with non-valvular cardiovascular devices? Multiple extractionsIncision and drainageEveryday dentition cleansing While mensurating examining deepnesss Correct Answer: Choice B, Harmonizing to Dental Management of the Medically Compromise Patient, page 34. Choice A, C & A ; D where non recommended. Patients who have received a nephritic graft are likely to hold gingival hyperplasia due to which of the followers?CyclosporineDiphenylhydantoin Amlodipine Diphenylhydantoin Correct Answer: Choice A, cyclosporine is given to patients with nephritic grafts and they may exhibit gingival enlargement page 197 of Dental Management of Medically Compromised Patients. Choice B, Phenytoin is wrong because it is a drug known to predispose patients to gingival hyperplasia but it is non prescribed to patients with nephritic graft ; it is an antiepileptic drug, besides used for dialysis remotion page 198. Choice C, Amlodipine is wrong because it is a Ca channel blocker, which unwritten visual aspect is gingival expansion. However this drug is given to patients who have high blood pressure page 43. Choice D, Dilantin is wrong because it is the same as Phenytoin for the grounds stated above page 615 of Dental Management of Medically Compromised Patients 7th edition under Which of the undermentioned tooth formations has NO associations with inborn poxs? Hutchinson ‘s incisors Screw-Driver incisorsPeg lateralsMulberry grinders Correct Answer: Choice C, nog laterals is the right reply because it non related to inborn pox it is a job in the development of the maxillary sidelong incisors which appear smaller than normal. Choice A, Hutchinson ‘s three of inborn poxs along with interstitial keratitis of the cornea causes hearing loss and dental abnormalcies such as mulberry grinder. Choice B, screw-drivers incisors is wrong reply due to the fact that they are dental defects besides seen in inborn pox and caused by direct invasion of tooth sources by Treponema beings because they can traverse the placenta. Mention: page 205 Chapter 13 of Dental Management of Medically Compromised Patients 7th edition. Which of the undermentioned conditions is NOT associated with HHV-4?Kaposi SarcomaInfectious glandular fever Nasopharyngeal malignant neoplastic disease Oral hairy leukoplakia Correct Answer: Choice A, . Kaposi Sarcoma is the right reply because it is associated with HIV-8 non HIV-4 pg. 207 chapter 13 of Dental Management of Medically Compromised Patients 8th edition. B. Infectious glandular fever is non the correct reply because it is caused 90 % of instances by EBV or HHV-4, a lymphotropic herpesvirus pg. 209 chapter 13 of Dental Management of Medically Compromised Patients 8th editionC. Nasopharyngeal malignant neoplastic disease is wrong because it is related to patients with HHV-4 hypertext transfer protocol: //www.who.int/vaccine_research/diseases/viral_cancers/en/index1.html D. Oral hairy leukoplakia is wrong because it is associated with EBV after recovery pg. 215 Chapter 13 of Dental Management of Medically Compromised Patients 8th edition and pg. 297 Chapter 18 Herpes zosters is associated with which of the undermentioned herpes viruses? HHV-1 HHV-2HHV-3HHV-4 Correct Answer: Choice C, HHV-3 is the right reply because it is associated with chickenpox shingles Choice A, HHV-1 is non right because it is simplex virus that causes non-genital herpes simples in worlds, seen in kids and immature Choice B, HHV-2 is non the correct replies because it is a simplex virus besides but associated with venereal infections Choice D, HHV-4 is non right, it is besides known every bit EBV as it was described in old inquiries is a lymphorocryptovirus. Mention: pg. 604 of Dental Management of Medically Compromised Patients 8th edition ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www.healthdictionary.info/HHV-3.htm grownups ; hypertext transfer protocols: //www.healthdictionary.info/HHV-1.htm ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www.healthdictionary.info/HHV-4.htm and chapter 13 of Dental Management of Medically Compromised Patients 7th edition ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www.healthdictionary.info/HHV-2.htm Healthcare employees are required to have a inoculation for which of the followers?HBVHCV Hiv HPV Correct Answer: Choice A, HBV is the right reply because the vaccinum against HBV is recommended to kids, health care and public safety workers with exposure to blood etc. Choice B, HCV is wrong because there is non a vaccinum for Hepatitis C merely for hepatitis A and B. Choice C, HIV is wrong because there is non a vaccinum for HIV for cut downing hazard, and cosmopolitan safeguards are to follow. Choice D, HPV incorrect because there is a vaccinum to assist forestalling some human papillomavirus but it is non required to wellness attention employees. Mentions: pg. 150 chapter 10 of Dental Management of Medically Compromised Patients 8th edition and it is besides recognized as effectual defence against HBV infection found in hypertext transfer protocol: //www.uptodate.com/contents/human-papillomavirus-hpv-vaccine-beyond-the-basics ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www.ncdental.org/images/ncds/L % 20Kay % 20OSHA % 20Training % 20Handout.pdf What is the best manner to pull off a hapless historiographer?Consult with patient ‘s doctorHave patient repetition themselves Have patient speak easy Consult with the patient ‘s partner Correct Answer: Choice A, Consult with PT doctor is the right reply because it is the best manner to guarantee about the medical fortunes of the patient like the medicines. Asking for the patient ‘s PCP information for future mention is portion of the medical history, which was conferred in an earlier talk Under Management Poor Historian. Choice B, have a patient repetition themselves is wrong because the patient may repeat something that he/she is diffident about is non utile. Choice C, have patient speak slowly is non the correct reply because the patient once more does n't retrieve the medical history so it would non give us any information. Choice D, consult with patient ‘s partner is non the right reply ; nevertheless, this can be a right pick if the spouse is lawfully lawful to talk on behalf of the patient, but this is non ever the instance so the best manner is ever consult with patient ‘s doctor this was discussed in the first talk under direction hapless h istoriographer. Mention: Dental Management of Medically Compromised Patients 7th erectile dysfunctions Which type of medicines should a tooth doctor papers? Prescribed Over- the-Counter Multivitamins Herbal addendumsAll of the aboveCorrect Answer: Choice E, all of the undermentioned drugs that the patient is taking should be acknowledged and examined for actions, inauspicious side effects and contraindications. Mention: Dental Management of Medically Compromised Patients 7th erectile dysfunctions Which of the undermentioned ASA categorizations represents individual who is brain-dead? ASA I ASA III ASA VASA VICorrect Answer: Choice D, ASA I is a normal healthy patient with no organic, physiological or psychiatric perturbation. ASA III are patients with terrible systemic disease. These patients have some functional restrictions but no major danger of decease. EG controlled congestive bosom failure, stable angina, old bosom onslaught, ill controlled high blood pressure, morbid fleshiness etc. ASA V is a stagnant patient who is non expected to last without the operation. This patient has at hand hazard of decease, multi-organ failure, sepsis etc. ASA VI is a patient declared encephalon dead whose variety meats are removed for giver intents. Mention: hypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASA_physical_status_classification_system Which of the undermentioned ASA categorizations represent a normal healthy patient?ASA IASA III ASA V ASA VI Correct Answer: Choice A, ASA I is a normal healthy patient. ASA III patients suffer from a terrible systemic disease. These patients have some functional boundaries, nevertheless no cardinal danger of decease. ASA V is a morbid patient who is non expected to last without an operation and is impending upon decease and multi-organ failure. ASA VI is a patient acknowledged as encephalon dead. Mention: hypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASA_physical_status_classification_system Which of the followers is an illustration of a symptom?PainJaundice Heat Heart Murmur Correct Answer: Choice A, symptoms are as any characteristic which is noticed by the patient. A mark is noticed by the doctor. Jaundice, heat and bosom mutter are marks because they are noticeable by others, such as the physician Mention: hypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symptom The wont of masticating beetling British pound should be documented under which class Chief ailmentSocial HistoryDental history Family history Correct Answer: Choice B, The Social history is the turn toing familial, professional, and leisure facets of the patient ‘s personal life that have the possible to be clinically important. Dental history references past dental processs and jobs. Medical history is information gained by the doctor by examining the patient. History of present unwellness, household diseases and societal history inquiries are included. Family history adresses upsets from inherited from blood relations of the patient have suffered. Mentions: hypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betel_quid What is the approximative overall U.S. mortality rate of morbific endocarditis 10 % 20 % 30 %40 %Correct Answer: Choice D, morbific endocarditis affects more than 15000 patients yearly in the U.S. and mortality rate is 40 % . Mention: Dental Management of Medically Compromised Patients 7th erectile dysfunctions What is the most common mark of a morbific endocarditis? Osler ‘s nodes Roth musca volitanssFeverClubbing of the figure Correct Answer: Choice C, fever. The most common indexs of morbific endocarditis are fever, bosom mutter, and positive blood civilization. Roth musca volitanss are found on the retina, and clubbing of the figures are marks of morbific endocarditis Osler ‘s nodes are found on the fingers. Mention: Dental Management of Medically Compromised Patients 7th ed page 25 Which of the followers has the higher frequence of doing bacteriemia? Rubber dike matrix with cuneus arrangement Chewing nutrient Root canal therapyToothbrushing and flossingCorrect Answer: Choice D, tooth brushing and flossing. Tooth brushing and flossing can take bacteriemia ; in add-on, there is a 68 % opportunity of undertaking bacteriemia. Choice B, masticating nutrient has up to 51 % opportunity of doing bacteriums. Choice A, the gum elastic dike and cuneus arrangement has a 32 % opportunity, and pick C, root canal therapy has up to 20 % opportunity. Mention: Dental Management of Medically Compromised Patients 7th ed page 28 Which of the following have the highest life-time hazard of geting morbific endocarditis? Arthritic bosom diseaseHistory of old endocarditisPatients with mechanical valves Mitral valve prolapsed with regurgitation Correct Answer: Choice B, history of old endocarditis 740 people for every 100,000 incidence of morbific endocarditis. Choice D, mitral valve prolapsed with regurgitation 52 people for every 100,000 incidence. Choice A, Rheumatic febrility has 380-440 people for every 100,000 incidence, patients with mechanical valves 308-383/100k incidence. Mention: Dental Management of Medically Compromised Patients 7th ed page 21 The extremum plasma concentration of two gms of Amoxil is reach at about two hours after unwritten disposal. How long does an acceptable MIC for 2g of Amoxil last? Two hours Four HourssSix HourssEight Hourss Correct Answer: Choice C, Six hr is how long 2g should hold and acceptable MIC for. Mention: Dental Management of Medically Compromised Patients 7th ed page 32 What is the name given to a transplant that is taken from a different species? Autograft AlloplastHeterograftIsograft Correct Answer: Choice C, A Xenograft is from a different species. All of the transplants mentioned are types of grafts. Choice A, an autoplasty comes from ego. Choice B, an alloplast is from a man-made beginning. Choice D, is an isograft comes from a twin. Mention: Dental Management of Medically Compromised Patients 7th ed page 36. Which of the followers is NOT caused by HPV? Heck ‘s Disease Squamous Cell CarcinomaOral Hairy LeukoplakiaSquamous Papilloma Correct Answer: Choice C, Oral Hairy Leukoplakia is caused by Epstein-Barr virus and HIV. Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Squamous villoma and Heck ‘s Disease are all caused by an infection with HPV. Mentions: Dental Management of Medically Compromised Patients 7th erectile dysfunctions. hypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heck % 27s_disease, hypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Squamous_Cell_Carcinoma, hypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Squamous_papilloma

Bigfoot: in Search of the Truth Essay

Bigfoot is, without a doubt, the most recognized mystery in all of North America. The apelike being has reportedly been sighted thousands of times since the beginning of the 19th century. According to eyewitness testimonies, Bigfoot, also known as Sasqautch, is a gigantic beast that towers in at eight feet tall and weighs as much as six hundred pounds. Reports also say that the monster’s form is well built and usually covered in a thick, brownish fur. Many have asked if such a creature could possibly be roaming through the wilderness of North America and around the world, and the answer is yes. The amount of evidence supporting such a creature’s existence is astonishing. From footprint casting and fur samples to video evidence and numerous human sightings, Bigfoot’s existence cannot be doubted. There are three pieces of evidence supporting the existence of Bigfoot, the first of which is the thousands of eyewitness accounts. The first recorded sighting occurred in 1870 near a small town in California. The town newspaper, the Antioch Ledger, reported that a â€Å"gorilla man† or â€Å"wild man† had been sighted in the woods near the town. The paper deemed it unsafe to travel outside unless absolutely necessary because of the beast. Next, in 1901, a lumberjack on Vancouver Island reported seeing a â€Å"man beast† washing itself in a river near his base camp. The courageous lumberjack decided there and then to approach the beast and confront him. The strange â€Å"monkey man† quickly fled, though, as the man approached the river. Upon examining the tracks left behind, the lumberjack concluded that the prints were almost identical to that of a human, except for the extremely large size. After the incident, many reports began pouring in from the Vancouver area of Canada. The residents of the area became well aware of the existence of a very elusive creature in the area, and it was they who first coined the term Bigfoot. By 1960, thousands of reports on the existence of Bigfoot flooded in from all over the United States. The sightings usually occurred in mountainous, woodland areas near rivers and streams. Many thought that those who claimed such things were crazy, but it was at this time that the inevitable happened: Bigfoot was captured on film. On October 20, 1967, Roger Patterson and Bob Gimlin, two Bigfoot researchers, were horseback riding in the dried river bed of Bluff Creek in Northern California. It was an area with an extraordinary number of sightings, but the two did not believe what they saw next. There before them, kneeling in the dried creek bed was Bigfoot. The creature spooked the men’s horses which forced them to dismount. They quickly grabbed their video camera and started filming. The beast slowly stood up, looked around, and then proceeded to stroll off into the woods. The film was soon released to the press and caused quite a commotion around the world. Researchers quickly arrived on the scene and found that the sequence of events had happened just as the tape had shown. Studying the film, it was also concluded through the creature’s movements, that its neuromuscular system was of something not human. Furthermore, it was determined that human reenactment was not possible because a suit so sophisticated and detailed could have been made by only two manufacturers in the United States, but both companies denied all allegations against them (Bigfoot). After the study was concluded, there were still many skeptics on the whole ordeal. These skeptics have suggested that the first two pieces of the puzzle are not enough to prove the existence of a new type of creature. The numerous stories and reports are believed to have been made up and the video footage faked. There is evidence that cannot be ignored, though. That evidence is the physical remains that have been collected over time. This physical evidence includes footprint castings, and samples of fur and feces, all of which have been found to be something not known to modern science. According to many experts, including Dr. Henner Farenbach, director of the Oregon Regional Primate Center, the collected evidence supports the existence of an animal that has not been classified scientifically. He also states that every specimen from over the last 60 years is nearly identical to the next, making the theory of Individual pranksters responsible for a hoax nearly impossible (Sasquatch FAQ). Besides this fact, tracks studied by researchers from institutions, such as Washington State University, Ohio State University, Yale, and even the University of London, have been found to follow the law of the Gaussian Distribution of Weight. This means that the footprints have a life-like shape and the distribution of weight over the print is correct. All of these facts are bittersweet though, since sample specimens have nothing to be compared to since no actual creature specimen has been collected. It can be concluded, however, that these remains did not come from any animal currently known to modern science. Bigfoot’s existence can no longer be denied. No longer is it a question of Bigfoot being real, but rather a question of man’s capability in being able to believe the truth. The facts cannot be mistaken. Besides being seen time and time again, video footage has been collected. This alone is enough to make many believe, but for the rest, the physical evidence is unmistakably real. As the theory progresses, more and more credible researchers come forward to show support in such a creature’s existence. They do this at the risk of losing their own credibility. None, however, are capable of an explanation for Bigfoot’s uncanny ability to remain hidden from human observation, the nature of which remains to be a question. Perhaps, though, as more and more people start to believe in the truth, questions will be answered and the mystery solved.

The Rule of Saint Benedict Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

The Rule of Saint Benedict - Essay Example One of the reasons why it was and remains so popular is its objectivity, which makes it much more sustainable than related precepts especially because it allows for a moderate line between the zeal of individual devotion and institutionalism1. The rule was essentially designed to create an environment in which the needs of monks in communities could be provided to foster a deeper understanding into human nature, providing spiritual mentorship, support the monk’s ascetic endeavors and develop spiritual growth. This paper will endeavor to analyze the text by primarily focusing on; the historical context in which the Rule emerged, the factors that drove Saint Benedict to write it, his secondary sources of information and the role the rules played and continue to play in religious and non-religious discourse. For as long as it has existed, the rule has been used by Benedictine monks and to many scholars, saint Benedict is considered to be the originator of western monasticism alth ough historians had suggested that he probably had no outward intention of starting a religious order. Among the many advantages of these rules is that they allow of communities of monks to be autonomous and thus operate without outside influence or direct co-operation. Consequently, communities that apply these rules have enjoyed a variety of benefits from the accruing independence such as the development of close internal bonds and more contemplative lifestyles without outside distraction. While the book is quite explicit on some of it requirements, it is not iron clad and it allows the Abbott to use his discretion when circumstances demand it.2 The lessons, according to Benedict were not meant to dictate but provide a guide of those wishing to spend their lives in holy contemplation especially beginners. Overview The rule has seventy-three chapters and these are divided into edicts about the duties of the abbot, regulation of worshiping God, chastisement and consequences for brea king rules, the core management of the monastery and miscellaneous rules. It prologues with a hortary preface through which Saint Benedict lays down the basic tenets of the religious life and the renunciation of an individual’s will to take up a life of Christ In his summation, the rules will serve as the foundation for the formation of a school in which salvation shall the taught as a science. Through their perseverance in the monastery for the duration of their natural lives, monks will be deemed as qualified to be partakers of the kingdom of Christ Owing to the scope of the rules, it is not possible to summarize it explicitly by the chapter since that would require an entire paper of considerable length. Nevertheless, several of the rules, which have a bearing on the historical context to the text, will be briefly discussed herein. Benedict makes it clear that the rule is only relevant to two classes of monks, those are the Cenobites, Hermits, and it precludes the Gyrovagi and Sarabites who did not follow any specific code and were, in Benedict’s opinion a disgrace to the monastic profession. He emphasizes on the authority of the abbot who all the monks must obey without question and in the selfsame way requires the abbot is an honorable and godly individual. Concerning the personal lives of the monk, the rules demand that they must live frugally and what little they have such as extra clothes should be

How does the postmodern picturebook set out to capture both the adult Essay

How does the postmodern picturebook set out to capture both the adult and the child reader's interest - Essay Example This paper examines two postmodern children’s picture books, Voices in the Park, and The Stinky Cheese Man and Other Fairly Stupid Fairy Tales, and explains four techniques that they use to capture both the adult and the child reader’s interest, namely non-traditional plot structure, shifting character perspective, paratextual devices, and intertextual references. The postmodern children’s picture book does not exist in a vacuum, but follows a long history of writing and illustrating which goes back many centuries. It sets itself against the rather rigid traditional stories such as fables and fairy tales, which usually have an anonymous narrator who leads the reader along a steady chronological timeline through a single plot with key characters who play fairly predictable roles. Children and adults alike enjoy the comfortable framework that is provided, and there are conventions like a â€Å"once upon a time† beginning, some thrills and spills with good an d bad characters in the middle, and a nice, neat â€Å"happy ending† in which all the loose ends of the plot are tied up. A postmodern children’s picture book relies upon this framework too, but in a different way. Instead of following these predictable patterns, it springs outside them and introduces different narrative voices and non-chronological structures to mix things up and make the story multifaceted. A good example of this is Voice in the Park which tells four stories in succession, all of which refer to the same actual time frame. No one narrative voice is dominant, and the perspectives of mother figure, father figure, girl figure and boy figure are allowed to coexist, even though they do not exactly agree with each other. Portraying them as gorillas is a clever technique which echoes older traditions of anthropomorphism but at the same time forces modern readers out of any race or class stereotypes: age and gender are what distinguish the characters, and the re is an equal number of each. There is no single plot in this book, but instead there is a spell of time in a park in which four people meet, and the book presents this from four different angles. In The Stinky Cheeseman there is a single narrator, who is the â€Å"Jack† character from the well-known fairy tale â€Å"Jack and the Beanstalk† but he appears in the book outside the confines of his own story, and interacts with characters from other tales such as the Little Red Hen and Little Red Riding Hood. None of the characters in the stories agree to play along with the original plotlines that adults especially will have learned, and the result is a kaleidoscope of fairy tale elements turned upside down. There are short tales within a tale, but the boundaries are fluid and characters appear in stories where they traditionally do not belong, all of which indicates a postmodern playfulness. The narrator is not in control of the stories, and the characters run amok. Thi s is an example of metafiction (Pantaleo, 2004, p. 213) because it draws attention to how the story is put together. This in turn stimulates discussion between readers about both the content of the story and the whole process of story formation, reading, listening and understanding. Returning to Voices in the Park, this book adult and child personas to engage both adult and child interest. Adults will be able to identify with the mother figure, criticising the

High speed pursuits and the risks and liability officers take while in Research Paper

High speed pursuits and the risks and liability officers take while in pursuit - Research Paper Example Falling prey to this act are the innocent drivers and pedestrians who have nothing to do with the scene. Researches tell us that in USA about 350 people lose their lives every year as a result of police pursuits. According to other researches 2,500 get killed and 55,000 are injured per year. There has always been a serious debate on whether chasing should be done for every crime or just for the very serious ones. Because no matter how hard they try to drive safely, lives are taken. Several researches have been made to analyze how serious the result of pursuits is in light of the number of lives taken, and how often it occurs. According to a research conducted between 1994 and 2002, it has been found out that in these 8 years 2,654 deadly crashes had occurred involving 3,965 vehicles in which 3,146 people were critically injured. Out of these people 1,088 of them were not even in the vehicle, meaning they were innocent. So this research can be concluded by saying that the deaths by accident, over those 8 years were 1,088; an average of 121 people per year. This gets even more disturbing when the police are chasing for a person who hasn’t done anything violent and someone is killed because of it. Before this act police should realize if it is more important to chase after the guilty, or to save several souls. They should not forget that there are certain other ways to chase, one of which is by helicopters. Besides that, stop sticks are used by officers for this cause. This stripped diffuses a certain amount of air from the suspects tire. In this way, officers can wait for the suspect’s vehicle to slow down and then easily catch them. This method is used by a lot of agencies, like departments in Cincinnati, Ohio, Ohio State Highway Patrol, the Utah Highway Patrol, and the Pennsylvania State Police to increase effectiveness and reduce the risks of accidents. Despite all the risks and the rate of accidents,

Impact of the Globalization on a More Even Distribution of Economic Essay

Impact of the Globalization on a More Even Distribution of Economic Activity - Essay Example II. Measuring Globalisation: It is very difficult to measure globalization basing on the movement of production factors. Dispersion of production happens in order to have more access to inputs and so also more access to the external markets. Since there are interdependencies between the factors such as direct investment flows generate exports and movement of knowledge and technology while exports can also generate technology transfers and new inflow of FDI, measuring the extent of globalization becomes a difficult task. However there are some indicators by which one can have a fair idea of extent of globalization. Some of them as cited in the OECD Handbook on Economic Globalisation Indicators are: A. Globalisation through FDI- 1. What is the FDI position (inward and outward) as a share of GDP 2. What is the balance of inflows and outflows of direct investment for a given country 3. What is the propensity to reinvest earnings (earnings/income) from direct investment 4. What is the share of foreign-controlled affiliates in economic output. B. Globalisation through Trade: 1. Share of total exports in GDP. 2. Average of exports in GDP. 3. Share of domestic final demand met by imports. 4. Share of GDP generated by total exports. There are many such indicators mention of which is beyond the purview of this essay. FDI1 is a good measure to know the extent of economic activities across the globe. "To create, acquire or expand a foreign subsidiary, MNEs undertake FDI. The total direct capital owned by non-residents in a given country each year constitutes the stock of FDI" (Navaretti & Venables, 3). As stated earlier that with a propensity of access to market and also access to inputs companies goes for cross border activities or disperses their business... This essay attempts to analyze the development of economic activities in various regions of the world under the influence of the globalization processes. After the year 1980 the world witnessed a new movement for the global economic integration, which was rapid rapid due to technological changes in various sectors. The unprecedented technological change in the transport and communication sector making the swift movement of goods and services, human resources and information on knowledge and technology across the globe at a cheaper cost is the main factor which continues to drive the globalization process. The changing attitude of the people and more liberal government policies contributed to deepen and widen the process of the economic integration by shifting the focus of the planners from national economies to an integrated world economy. With breaking of the trade barriers and changing of the economic policies of the nations across the world make the companies to become transnational by opening up subsidiaries to distribute the business processes throughout the world. Though the process of economic integration occurring at a faster rate in the developed countries but the same is yet to be achieved at rapid rate in developing world. What is needed for redressing global imbalances is a responsible multilateral effort, rather than pressure on parts of the developing world. A well-coordinated international macroeconomic approach would improve the chances of the poorer countries to consolidate their gains in growth performance

Organization change and Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Organization change and Development - Essay Example ity a solid know as to how things would shape up within the coming times and how success would be achieved with significant changes every now and so often. Organizational development could either be built upon the premise of change on a short term basis or one from the long term standpoint. It gives the stakeholders a close cut feel of the things that might happen over a period of time and which shall take place for the success regimes of the organization essentially. An organization is a subset of the thinking bases of the people who work for it and work within its domains. This organization does not get manifested in any other way apart from the required tasks of the top management and the people who are at the helm of affairs within the related settings. It is important that these people realize what is their responsibility towards the people who work within the organization and who do their best to achieve the goals with limited resources at their disposal (Church 2002). Moreover, organizational significance is manifested time and again by the efforts and endeavors of the people who make things happen within the organization itself. This is a true representation of how things eventually happen for the goodness and sanity that prevails within any organization at the end of the day. Organizational development seems to be a missing link when people are inclined more towards their personal goals and manifestations and hence this is one scenario t hat seems to play a very negative role within the discussion basis for this paper. Change has to come from within in order to be remarked as a positive subset of organizational harmony and accord. Similarly, development is an important consideration – one that is given more and more importance by the top management regimes within any organizational discourse (Sugrue 1999). Organizational studies have long and hard brought the notion of development and change to the fore because this has touched upon deep and incisive

Evaluate the impact of Larry Page on the field of Business Essay

Evaluate the impact of Larry Page on the field of Business - Essay Example This should be accompanied by the desire to grow the business to generate significant returns for all people involved (Gitman and McDaniel 2009, p. 5). Page has always championed a dual-class voting structure guided by a long-term focus in which the management team has control over the company’s destiny. Such a structure guarantees stability of the entity in the long-term by following the laid down innovative approach and awards the management significant control over the company’s decisions and fate (Scott 2008, p. 14). Larry Page and Sergey Brin can be regarded as possessing innovative, genius, and idealistic minds that made it possible for them to develop the world’s best search engine, Google. The search engine has heralded uncomplicated and efficient searching and generated a creative and game changing mode of advertising. The culture of the workplace that Page aided to develop over the years of the entity’s existence made it possible to develop fresh and innovative ideas. The two demonstrated that in creating value, one can be able to surpass competitions and structure better products that respond to user preferences. In its start up, Google changed the rule of the game based on what the other search engines used to operate. The core aim of Google is t organize the world’s information and make the company universally accessible and useful (Sloane 2007, p. 1). Google has grown to become the internet’s most popular search engine recording revenues that surpass $6 billion yearly, besides the company has entered into mainstream culture. The companys mantra, â€Å"do not be evil," detailing doing the best things for its users. Page demonstrates that it is essential to look to the future by targeting innovation as a tool for propelling collaboration, efficiency, and productivity. Page has also demonstrated the significance of establishing a strong vision in organizing the world’s information and rendering

New Media and Consumer Behaviour Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

New Media and Consumer Behaviour - Essay Example The new media not only offers various benefits for consumers but also has allowed the consumers to promote their goods and services. Popular social and networking sites like Facebook, Twitter, eBay, YouTube etc. have made possible for the normal consumers to become suppliers and vendors through the new media. These revolutionary advancements challenge the typical business models which have been there since decades. The traditional ways of developing strategies, finding customers, marketing and advertising don’t seem that useful now. (HENNIG-THURAU ET AL.2010; EVANS & BRATTON.2008) SOCIAL MEDIA- THE NEW MEDIA: Social media is also called Web 2.0 which allows users to interact with each other through new technologies. The new technology has empowered the users which now allow them to share information in a way that wasn’t possible before. Social media includes networking sites, consumer review sites, online communities, journals and blogs controlled by individuals and com panies. Now days people need to involve in ‘conversation’, that is talk about the thing offered. ... Joiners utilize the sites, blogs etc by using them while spectators are silent viewers of the content who view and read the content uploaded by different participants. Inactive participants are online but they don’t take part in the conversation any aspect. Businesses now realize the importance of actively participating in these conversations and influencing user’s minds for marketing their products. (HAWKINS, MOTHERSBAUGH & MOOKERJEE.2011; EVANS & BRATTON.2008) New media can be explained as â€Å"Websites and other digital communication and information channels in which active consumers engage in behaviors that can be consumed by others both in real time and long afterwards regardless of their spatial location.† (HENNIG-THURAU ET AL.2010). New media is made up of interactive communication and information channeling platforms. According to mentioned explanation the new media allows users to exchange information anytime anywhere irrespective of their location. Thi s information can be utilized not only today but also in the long term. New media is digital which makes it cost effective. Like old means of exchange of information, there is no cost involved in producing digital copies as it can be accessed by millions of people on internet. Consumers, thorough the new media can actively participate in giving feedback about every aspect of value chain. New media is visible, that is any feedback, comments, reviews and blogs can easily be traced. The biggest advantage offered by the new media is the real time access and exchange of information at anytime. The feedback posted and received in instant through chats, videos, blogs and reviews, making it easier for other readers to make an opinion regarding the product. Additionally new media has made interaction possible among

Pricing Structure- ABC Costing System Case Study

Pricing Structure- ABC Costing System - Case Study Example This strategy was mainly tied to distribution division and supply chain of the company and as the company noticed the profit of the firm declined they arose a serious business issue. The main issue here is that the company found out that there was problem in the cost listed in the clients account and hence it directed discrepancy in the accounting of distribution division which needed immediate attention. The current pricing structure employed by the company is competitive pricing structure. The competitive pricing structure is a phenomenon where the price of the product of the company is set keeping in mind the price set by industry competitors. In this kind of pricing structure the focus is on the attributes of the product, its quality and company’s customer service. In this case study, it can found that the â€Å"Formula Plus† service is imposed taking in to consideration the competitive potential of the company’s product. Calculating the cost of the transaction driver with the help of ordering and receiving material cost and number of purchase order.Ordering and receiving material cost obtained from page 4 where total of the costs of the Distribution division were mentioned. The number of purchase order was obtained from the page 6 where average total stock obtained was mentioned to be 350,000 boxes. In a company, the inventory or stock refers to the material the company holds currently in the premises in order to sell on a future date. Basically, the inventories of a company are associated with certain costs. These cost related to obsolescence of the inventory, the capital invested in the inventory, the cost of the space used and cost of monitoring the inventory. Inventory financing basically means the company get financing with the help of a secured loan from bank. The capital charge for a business is usually calculated by multiplying gross income by the denoted beta assigned to the business venture. Since Les Papeteries

Importance of Water Essay Example for Free

Importance of Water Essay In order to fulfill his desires, man exploits the environmental factors to a greater extent, by which the environment loses its natural capacity for self-stabilization. The impact of mans various activities that are detrimental to the environment are: * Increase in population density. * Rapid urbanization * Massive industrial growth * Inadequate food and * Depletion of resources. To meet the increasing demands of time, human beings deliberately exploit the natural environment to improve their quality of life. Unknowingly, different environmental activities such as construction of roads dams, airports, buildings, irrigation projects, power plants and industries have some negative repercussions on the environment in which man lives. Thus, the developmental activities are unsustainable for global ecosystem. But we cannot stop these activities. For the development of the nation, these activities are essential. Industrial growth is directly related to nations economy. Construction of major and minor irrigation projects and development of new power plants must not be frozen. Hence at the present context, when man has reached at twenty first century, no body would want for technological stagnation. On the other hand, excessive exploitation of the environment through these technological implications leads to disaster. Hence, there is the problem of one word pollution. So what is needed is the environmental management and sustainable development. Sustainable development is implied to regulate the demands of man in such a manner that the ability of the same environment to sustain his development will remain un-repaired,. — is the version of Bindu N. Lohani. Hence much emphasis is given on environmental management and sustainable development. It is as a discipline by itself is growing rapidly and no way it proposes to halt economic growth and to stop technical development; rather it aims at achieving that sustainable rate of economic growth which is necessary to meet mans material needs whilst conserving scarce natural resources and protecting both the external and the internal environments, says Dr.  Uma Shankar, senior faculty member of Management Development Institute, New Delhi. Hence, sustainable development and environmental management are essential for improvement both the quality of the environment and the quality of human life. For that source areas are identified to give utmost priorities.

Research Methodology into Ratio Analysis of HSBC Bank

Research Methodology into Ratio Analysis of HSBC Bank In this project my aim is to analysis the Ratio Analysis to find financial position of the HSBC bank by using the financial tools and also to know the functions of Internet Banking System in HSBC Bank. This study based on financial statement such as Ratio analysis and financial performance. This project helps to identify and give suggestion the area of weaker position of business transaction in HSBC. This study is made to evaluate the Ratio analysis as per trend analysis. Here I have given the Title, Aim, Objectives of the project, Introduction and background of the company chosen. It also gives the summary regarding the literature review, methodology using for the research, data collection methods and data analyzing procedures. Introduction: Finance is very essential for every business to run successfully. To run the business every organization will need financial support. In our present economy finance is defined as the provision of money at the time when it is required. Every enterprise whether big or small needs finance to carry on its target. In fact finance is so indispensable today. It can be said as blood of an enterprise. Without adequate finance no enterprise can possible accomplish its objectives. In the early years of its evolution it was treated synonymously with the rising of funds. In the current literature pertaining to financial management a broader scope so as to include in addition to procurement of funds efficient use of resources is universally recognized. Nowadays internet is widely used by all sectors of people. Today bank has introduced various facilities through internet. E-Banking is a revolution that changes the banking system around the world. E-Banking is more comfortable for the customers and bank. Title: Critically analyzing the ratios of HSBC bank to study the financial performance of bank during 2010-2011 and also study the functions of internet banking system in HSBC bank. Aim: To study the financial performance of HSBC bank by analyzing the financial ratios from the past five years financial data and also study the role of internet banking system in HSBC bank. Objective of the study: To analyze and evaluate the financial performance of HSBC Bank To study the growth of HSBC in terms of comparative analysis and trend analysis of financial statements for the past five years, from 2006 to 2010. To study the roles of Internet Banking in HSBC To review the benefits of internet banking to customer and bank To make suggestions recommendations for improving the financial position Rationale: Personal Rationale: As I am a finance student, am very much interested in doing the ratio analysis of the company because of that we can able to know the financial performance of any company. I am very eager to know the financial status of the HSBC bank always. Because this bank is globalized bank, it is in every part of the world. Now it has introduced the lot of facility in Internet banking that benefits the customers. I have the relationship with the bank for the past five years. So, I personally interest in doing with HSBC Bank financial performance and internet banking sector. Organizational Rationale: As it is bank, we have wide range of information available in website, articles, journals, magazines and newspapers. HSBC employees are very friendly to their customers. They are always ready to explain their roles of internet banking system. For the financial data, we will able to get the financial statement from their website so there is no lack of information availability. Policy Rationale: The system and the procedures followed by the HSBC bank is also one of my interests to choose the HSBC bank. This bank follows the banking rules and regulations given by the government and fair trade practice. Thats make the customer safety banking. In internet banking system, there are many options for doing the transaction easily and safely. Academic Rationale: There are more resources available for doing this work. There are many financial books available to elaborate the ratio analysis. We have studied in deep about the ratio analysis and Internet banking system. IMPORTANCE OF THIS STUDY The subject matter of financial management is of immense interest for every financial analyzer. It needs special attention because of the complexities involve in managing cash in present day banking function. The important aspect is the estimation of how much of finance. The business organization requires and for what purpose. The most important area of financial management is the working capital management. Here the study tries to reveal the banks position and performance by evaluating the relationship between various components parts of financial statements. Ration analysis has been taken as a tool in assessing the performance of the company in respect of the following aspects. Liquidity Position .Long-term solvency. Profitability. Activity. This study helps to know the usage and the benefits of internet banking system This study helps to study the functions of internet banking in UK HSBC bank Literature Review: 1 RATIO ANALYSIS Ratio analysis is one of the techniques of financial analysis where ratios are used as a yardstick for evaluating the relationship between component parts of financial statements to obtain a better understanding of the firms position and performance. It is used as tool by the company or individual to analysis the quantitative performance of the company financial statement. Meaning Ratio is relationships expressed in mathematical terms between figures which are connected with each other in some manner. Ratio will be calculated from current year figures and it is compared with previous year in order to know the financial performance of the company. It is defined as the systematic use of ratio to interpret the financial statements so that the strengths and weaknesses of a firm as well as its historical performance and current financial condition can be determined. The importance of ratio analysis relies in the fact that it presents facts on a comparative basis Conclusions can be drawn regarding the liquidity position of a firm. It is useful for assessing the long-term financial viability of a firm. It throws light on the degree of efficiency in the management and utilization of its assets. It helps in inter-firm comparison and also with industry averages. Liquidity Ratios: It is the ratio which is used to determine the companys capacity to pay its short- period debt obligations. If the value of the ratio is high, then the margin of safety will become high so that the company able to cover its short term debts. Liquidity ratio includes Current ratio, Quick/Acid ratio and Operating cash flow ratio. Current Ratio It is a quantitative relationship between current assets and current liabilities and indicates and enterprises ability to meet the current obligation. Current assets refer to liquid resources and must be sufficient enough to pay current liabilities when they mature. A relatively high current ratio is an Indication that the firm has ability to pay its current obligations in time as and on the other hand a relatively low current ratio represents that the firm shall not be able to pay its current liabilities in time without facing difficulties. An increase in the current ratio represents improvement in the liquidity position of a firm while a decrease in the current ratio indicates that there has been deterioration in the liquid assets of the firm. The ratio equal to the rule of thumb is 2:1. Quick/Acid Test Ratio: The ratio is ascertained by companys liquid assets and current liabilities. Here liquid assets are those assets which are immediately convertible in to cash without much loss. It is also known as liquidity ratio. It shows the ability of the enterprise to meet its short term obligation without sale and collection of inventories. LeverageRatios: It is the ratio which is used to calculate the financial leverage of the company inorder to know the methods of financing using by the company and to measure the ability of the company to meet its financial obligations. Debt-equity Ratio This ratio indicates the relative proportions of debt and equity in financing the assets of a firm. One approach is to express the debt-equity ratio in terms of the relative proportion of long-term debt and shareholders equity. The debt considered here is exclusive of current liabilities. It is an important tool of financial analysis to appraise the financial structure of a firm. A high ratio shows a large share of financing by the creditors of the firm, a low ratio implies a smaller claim of creditors. Interest Coverage Ratio : These ratios are computed from information available in the profit and loss account. It is also known as time-interest earned ratio. This ratio measures the debt servicing capacity of a firm insofar as fixed interest on long-term loan is concerned. It is determined by dividing the operating profits or earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT) by the fixed interest charges on loans. Proprietary Ratio: This ratio indicates whether the firm is employing a reasonable proportion of debt or if heavily loaded with debt in which case its solvency is exposed to serious strain. This ratio relates the owners/proprietors funds with total assets. The ratio indicates the proportion of total assets financed by owners. PROFITABILITY RATIOS: This ratio helps to access the ability of business in order to generate the earnings of the business by comparing the expenses and relevant costs during the specific period of time. Net profit Ratio: This measures the relationship between net profits and sales of a firm. Depending on the concept of net profit employed. A high net profit margin would ensure adequate return as well as enable a firm to with stand adverse economic conditions when selling price is declining cost of production is rising and demand for the product is failing. A low net profit merging would have the opposite implications. Return on Assets: Thus profitability ratio is measured in terms of this relationship between net profit and assets. This may also be called profit-to-asset ratio. The concept of net profit may be net profits after taxes net profits after taxes plus interest and net profits after taxes plus interest minus tax savings. Assets may be defined as total assets fixed assets and tangible assets. Return on capital Employed: The term capital employed refers to long-term funds supplied by the creditors and owners of the firm. Here the profits are related to the total capital employed. It can be computed as The capital employed provides a test of profitability related to the sources of long-term funds. The higher the ratio the more efficient is the use of capital employed. A comparison of this ratio with similar firms with the industry average and over time would provide sufficient insight into how efficiently the long-term funds of owners and creditors are being used. Debtor turnover ratio: Debtor turnover ratio indicates the number of times the debtors are turned over during the year. Generally if the value of debtor turnover is high, then there is more efficient in the management of debts and sales. OTHER RATIOS Fixed Assets Ratio This ratio relates the net assets and the long-term funds. Here the ratio should be high. That is the handling of fixed asset should be greater than the long-term funds at an appropriate level. E-Banking: Electronic banking system is the system that allows the individual to do the banking activities by sitting in one place. Electronic funds transfer means doing the financial transactions electronically. This is used for the number of different activities like electronic payments and card transactions where the holder makes payment by using their credit or debit cards.[Brain Dixon and Mary Dixon 2006] Internet banking is also called as online banking, it is an outgrowth of PC banking. Internet banking uses the internet as the delivery channel for conducting banking activity, it is used for the purpose of transferring funds, paying bills, helps to checking and saving account balances, paying mortgages and also help to purchase financial instruments.[Benton E Gup 2005] According to Richard H Baker, advancement in technology helps to develop the system of internet banking. According to industry analysts, internet banking provides many facilitiies Able to access the banking at any time World wide connectivity Very easy to access the information by transacting data Direct customer control of international movement of funds without intermediation of financial institutions in customers jurisdiction According to the report of Global Market for Internet Banking, more than 172 banks in Europe are running the internet banking system and they are very successful in running online banking. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY RESEARCH Research is a process in which the researcher wishes to find out the end result for a given problem and thus the solution helps in future course of action. The research has been defined as A careful investigation or enquiry especially through search for new facts in branch of knowledge RESEARCH DESIGN Redman and Mory (1923) defined research as a systematic effort to gain new knowledge According to Clifford Woody research comprises defining or redefining problems, formulating hypothesis or giving solutions, collecting, organizing, evaluating the data, making deductions and reaching conclusions and at carefully testing the conclusion to determine whether they fit the formulating hypothesis The research design used in this project is Analytical in nature the procedure using, which researcher has to use facts or information already available, and analyze these to make a critical evaluation of the performance. With particular reference to working capital management, for the prosecution of the study, both the primary and secondary data. DATA COLLECTION METHOD: Primary Data: Primary data is the information collected by the researcher in first hand. This data is collected by the researcher inorder to analysis the research. Primary data is collected from the field organization selected that is from the employees, customers and observing the real life situations. The main benefit of the primary data is collected only for the specific study so it is more relevant to the study. But there is disadvantage for the collection of primary data it involves more cost and time. It is not suitable for short term study. Primary data for this proposal will be collected from the employees and customers of HSBC bank inorder to know how they run the internet banking system and the functions and benefits of internet banking system in HSBC bank. Primary research may be quantitative and qualitative research. Qualitative research is the method where the researcher set the questionnaire which will give to large number of respondents (Hair, Wolfinbarger, Ortinau, and Bush, 2008, p81). Based on the responses the data will be analysed. In this study, questionnaire will be given to the customers and employees of HSBC bank to analyse the data regarding the functions of Internet Banking. Secondary Data Secondary data is the information which is collected already and it is used for some other studies by different researcher. This data not only used for the current study. The sources of secondary data are books, journals, articles, newspapers, internet, government, corporate reports and library. The advantage of this data it is easily available and also very cheap compared to primary data. In this study we are using secondary data for the analyses of ratio in order to know the financial performance of HSBC bank. From the annual reports maintained by the company. Data are collected from the companys website. Books and journals pertaining to the topic. Research Approach: There are two types of research approaches Inductive and Deductive approaches. Inductive approach is the approach that starts with specific objectives and become generalized. It begins by identifying the issue by observation or being informed. Deductive approach is the approaches where the conclusions derived from the situation. It begins with general situation and ends by identifying the specific issue. Arguments based on the rules, laws and regulation will be using deductive approaches and the argument based on the observations will be using the inductive approaches. SAMPLING PROGRESS Sampling: It is the process of choosing small number of people for doing the research from the large population. That sample group will be tested, analyzed by assuming that sample group represents the entire group (Crouch, S. and Housden, M., 1996, p116). Sampling Unit In this research the target populations are the customers of HSBC Bank Alperton Branch. The sizes of the sampling will be 100 customers. Sampling type will be random choosen among the large population group. From the total sample size the study will be done for the 10 customers and 5 employees of HSBC bank. Ethnography procedure will be used for analyzing the data based on the data collection method. In this method it takes account of words, context and non-verbals. STATISTICAL TOOLS Tool for Data Collection Questionnaire will be used as a tool for data collection as it provides the advantages of allowing the respondents to answer at their convenience and faster data collection. The questionnaire explicitly stated the purpose of study as academic and assured confidentiality of information solicited from the respondent. Percentage method This method is used in making comparison between two are more series of data. Percentages are used to describe relationship. Percentages can also be used to compare the relative terms, the distribution of two or more series of data. The data collected through questionnaire response method was analyzed in the following manner: Raw data will be coded and tabulated and the tabulated data will be converted into percentages, to show the percentage of opinion among respondents. Percentage analysis thus involves the simple interpretation / analysis of the various items taken up in the questionnaire on a percentage basis from the data collected. Interpretations of the graphs also include mean scores obtained by the organization on every aspect / item as calculated. Number of respondent Percentage of Respondents =  ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­___________________________________ * 100 Total number of people questioned Weighted average method Weighted average method is defined as an average whose component items are multiplied by certain value (weights) and the aggregate of the products are divided by the total of weights In the Weighted Average Method, the weighted average can be calculated by the following formula K XW = ÃŽÂ µ WX/ ÃŽÂ µX Here XW represents the weighted average X1, X 2, X3à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.Xn represents the value for variable values W1, W2, W3 à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Wn represents the weight age given to the variable. Steps:- Multiply the weights(W) by the variables(X) to obtain WX Add all WX to obtain ÃŽÂ µWX Divide ÃŽÂ µWX by sum of the weights (ÃŽÂ µX) to get weighted average. Correlation: Correlation is the techniques of determining the degree of correlation between two variables in case of ordinal data where ranks are given to the different values of the variables. Spearmans coefficient of correlation (or) 1 6 à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬Ëœdi  ² r = _____________ n (n ² 1) TOOLS OF ANALYSIS Ratio Analysis. Comparative Balance Sheet. Trend Analysis Conclusion: This dissertation proposal starts with the introduction of finance, and helps to know the importance of finance for banking sector. The researcher will work towards the financial ratios of HSBC bank from the sources of annual reports, financial statements like balance sheet in orer to know the financial position of HSBC bank and analyze the role of internet banking in HSBC by getting the data from the bank customer and employees.

Sociological Perspective: Westboro Baptist Church

Sociological Perspective: Westboro Baptist Church Kyle Mahoney A counterculture is a subculture that rejects the major values, norms, and practices of the larger society, replacing them with a new set of cultural patterns (Thomas); the Westboro Baptist Church is an example of a counterculture due to its rejection of societal norms such as respect for the dead and acceptance of others, especially LGBT people, Jewish people, other Christian people, and African-Americans and black people in general. Their messages of extreme hatred for minorities, Jewish people, and those who do not share the same beliefs as them as well as their extremely aggressive use of media attention to further their hateful agenda, show that they are rebelling against norms, major values, and practices of the larger society, namely respect for others and an inclusive, caring attitude towards minorities. By using media attention and publicity, they are actively and aggressively trying to spread their hateful message and make others feel the same way they do about minorities, other religions, and the LGBT community. In the BBC documentary The Most Hated Family in America, one of the leaders of the group said that the Westboro Baptist Church was not in the process of attempting to convert sinners or grow their church, and that their real purpose was to provoke people and spread the hatred of God, to make people sympathize with the hatred that the Westboro Baptist Church shows. This leader then proceeds to talk about how the churchs goal is to plant the seeds of Gods hatred in the hearts and minds of others (OConnor). Pastor Fred Phelps, after dropping out of West Point and graduating with a ministerial degree from Jones College, began serving as Westboro Baptist Churchs pastor in 1955, and he and his family are the leaders of the church and its actions (Westboro Baptist Church). In 1967 the Westboro Baptist Church became not-for-profit. The group became fairly active in picketing, releasing statements regarding homosexuality and other things they viewed as sins, and anti-semitism in the 1990s onward. The majority of the Churchs membership is constituted of its founder Fred Phelps family. The first time the church truly gained media attention was in 1998, when Westboro picketed the funeral of a gay murder victim named Matthew Shephard. The group had signs saying God hates fags, among other extremely derogatory statements (Anti-Defamation League). The group also attempted to build a granite monument to Shephard, with his name and an anti-gay bible verse on it; their request to build this monument i n a public park was denied (Southern Poverty Law Center). The group truly came into the public spotlight in 2005, when they began to actively picket and protest deceased soldiers funerals, toting signs saying Thank God for dead soldiers and Thank God for IEDs, which brought them national attention from the media (Anti-Defamation League). In March 2006, the Westboro Baptist Church picketed the funeral of Matthew Snyder, who had served in Iraq. Albert Snyder, Matthews father, sued the Westboro Baptist Church for defamation, invasion of privacy, and emotional distress. The case eventually came before the Supreme Court of the United States in 2010 (Southern Poverty Law Center). The Supreme Court of the United States held that the Westboro Baptist Church was within their First Amendment rights while protesting and picketing funerals, and that their hateful speech was protected by their First Amendment rights as well (Snyder v. Phelps ET AL. ). Westboro Baptist Church remains active to th is day, and according to their website they have conducted 59,091 pickets as of this writing (Westboro Baptist Church). The group has also been banned from certain countries after threatening to picket funerals, namely the United Kingdom and Canada (Southern Poverty Law Center). The group is significant in the fact that they receive large amounts of media attention and that they are known for protecting their right to free speech in court, and the group actively challenges laws protecting the United States flag from desecration (Anti-Defamation League). Their ideology is an extremist Christian view that manifests itself as hatred towards basically all groups save the Westboro Baptist Church; focusing on minority groups and military. The sociological perspective is defined as being able to look beyond commonly held beliefs to see the bigger picture and the true meanings behind human actions (Thomas 4-5). A major driver of the Westboro Baptist Church is the fact that almost all of its key members are related, and that the children raised in the church are essentially brainwashed into thinking that they are right and all other groups or opinions are wrong. The group seems to simply spew hatred, but they truly believe that by spreading hateful ideas they are spreading the word of God to everyone (TED). The sociological imagination is defined as being able to see the connection between the larger world and ones personal life (Thomas 4-5 ). This group has affected the world by spreading hateful ideas, and act as a force that the greater culture rallies against, due to the Westboro Baptist Churchs disregard of mores like respecting the dead, the United States flag, and soldiers. Legally, this group is significant for p roving on the Supreme Court level that their picketing is legal and protected by the first Amendment (Snyder v. Phelps ET AL. ), along with their challenging of laws that protect the flag from desecration, and the group raises questions about the limits of first Amendment rights. Ethnocentrism is defined as viewing ones own culture or group as superior to another culture or group (Thomas 35), and by viewing American culture as superior it is easy to see why the Westboro Baptist Church is seen as a counterculture. The American people value diversity, it is often stressed in our society that it is good to be different or that everyone is unique; the Westboro Baptist Church rebels against this value in diversity, stating that other groups are inherently inferior as designed by God, and that these inferior groups deserve to die and burn in hell (Westboro Baptist Church). American culture also values the flag, which Westboro Baptist Church is known for desecrating and overturning laws protecting the flag. Most of all American culture values veterans, active duty soldiers, and the deceased, which Westboro Baptist Church actively pickets with signs reading Thank God for IEDs among other travesties (Westboro Baptist Church), showing that they are rebelling against ma jor mores that are valued by American culture. The groupss supremacist attitude, along with their hatred of homosexuals, the Jewish, and blacks, define them as a counterculture which rebels against the mores regarding diversity and freedom for all. Their hatred for soldiers and even the practice of funerals only serves to further prove they are a counterculture; by picketing funerals of soldiers the group is rebelling against major values and mores of society (Anti-Defamation League). Cultural relativism is defined as judging a culture by their own standards rather than imposing another cultures standards on a culture (Thomas 36). By applying cultural relativism to the Westboro Baptist Church, it is easy to see that the groupss member believe they are justified, and that what they are doing may be hateful, but it is hateful because God wants the group to spread hate. The group views itself as the only real religion that God will recognize, and views all other groups, even fellow Christians, as sinners destined for hell. The group feels that it is justified in its hatred of homosexuality because homosexuality is seen as a sin in the bible (Westboro Baptist Church). The group pickets funerals because they believe that funerals are where people will be most receptive to their ideas, and the group pickets soldiers funerals more often because they believe that the military is sinful and that the military is protecting the rights of homosexuals (Westboro Baptist Church) . The group is so invested in what they believe to be Gods divine mission for them that they do not care if they receive hate in return, and they believe that they are justified in disregarding major values, practices, and norms of society. Personally, as someone who was raised with a Protestant church background, as well as someone possessing black, Jewish, veteran, Catholic, and homosexual family members, I abhor and reject the practices of the Westboro Church; I see their actions as extremely disrespectful and devoid of anything that God would support, as the bible speaks more about inclusivity and loving sinners than spreading hatred. Although by taking a culturally relative view of the groups actions, I believe they are too extreme in showing that homosexuality is a sin, and as someone who no longer identifies as Christian I believe that people should be allowed to love who they want regardless of gender. I am not by any means a theologian or an ardent Christian, but I still believe that the Westboro Baptist Churchs extremist views, although protected by the first Amendment, are to be abhorred. I also strongly believe that the dead, especially those who died in active duty, should be held to the highest levels of r espect and honor, and I believe that the greater American culture is in concurrence with me in this belief. Westboro Baptist Church is important to the world because it has a global impact and brings issues regarding free speech and how far extension of free speech goes, and I hope that in the future the Westboro Baptist Church will never come to represent the majority opinion of Americans, because their hatred of others is disgusting. I believe that taking a certain degree of ethnocentrism is necessary when dealing with the Westboro Baptist Church because their ideals are so hateful that they can bring out hatred in others, and ethnocentrism acts as a barrier to stop their hatred from spreading. To conclude, Westboro Baptist Churchs extremist Christian views are so opposite to the major mores of American society that it makes them a counterculture, and the Westboro Baptist Church is an extremely hateful group that hopefully will not stand the test of time. References The Most Hated Family in America. Dir. Geoffrey OConnor. Perf. Louis Theroux. 2007. Documentary. Anti-Defamation League. Westboro Baptist Church. n.d. Archived Website. 10 March 2017. Snyder v. Phelps ET AL. . No. 09-751. Supreme Court of the United States. 6 October 2010. Court Case. Southern Poverty Law Center. SPL Center. n.d. Website. 7 March 2017. TED. I Grew Up in the Westboro Baptist Church. This is why I left. February 2017. Video. Thomas, W Laverne. Sociology- The Study of Human Relationships. Austin: Holt,Rinehart, Winston, 2003. 39, 4-5, 35, 36. Textbook. Westboro Baptist Church. God Hates Fags. n.d. Website. 10 March 2017.

History Of Space Exploration :: Space Exploration Essays

In our history many great things have happened. We have been inventing and exploring things since day one. Many of these things that we discovered or invented we thought would never be possible in earth's life time. But they exists now, today, they are used by almost every human being and there are many more incredible and unmanageable things to come and aid us in every day life. One of the most interesting things to me would fall under exploration and inventing. You are about to venture in to the history of space and learn how man and mans objects have gotten there. The exploration in space dates back over 40 years ago, January, 31 of 1958 to be exact. On this date Explorer 1, which was the first U.S. satellite to be fired in space and its unknown, to orbit earth. It lifted off from Cape Canaveral using a modified Jupiter-C rocket called ABMA-JPL. It carried a scientific experiment of James A. Van Allen, and discovered the Earth's radiation belt. Along with defeat and triumph also come disappointment and failure. In March 5 of 1958 Explorer 2 was launched by another Jupiter-C rocket and failed to reach orbit. October 1, 1958 NASA was founded, taking over existing National Advisory Committee on Aeronautics and only ten days later U.S. - IGY space probe was launched to a incredible height of 70,700 miles. On March 3 of 1959 Pioneer 4, an U.S.-IGY space probe is launched by a Juno II rocket, and achieves an earth-moon trajectory, passing within 37,000 miles of the moon. It then fell into a solar orbit, becoming the first U.S. sun orbiter. About a year later Tiros 1 was fired into earth's orbit and became the first successful weather satellite for the United States. Then on August 18 of the same year, 1960, Discoverer XIV was launched and became the first U.S. camera-equipped Corona spy satellite. On July 14, 1965, They U.S. Mariner 4 returned the first close-range images of Mars. The above paragraph explains some of the earliest satellites, spy satellites, and probes that were sent into space to explore the unknown and the "Impossible". May 5 of 1961 Mercury Freedom 7 carried Alan B. Shepard, Jr., who was the first U.S. astronaut in space, in a suborbital flight. This United States' first manned space flight project was successfully accomplished in a 4 2/3 year period of dynamic activity. During this time they saw more than 2,000,000 people from many major government agencies and much of the aerospace industry and combined their skills, initiative, and experience into a national effort. Also during this 4 and 2/3 period six other manned space flights